Intermediate Python

Discover how to use Python's packing and unpacking to assign multiple variables, swap values, and handle function arguments.

Learn how to manage variable scope in Python functions! We'll cover local, global, and nonlocal scopes, and how each affects variable behavior within functions.

Learn to work with Python iterables using techniques like list comprehension, aggregation, and zip() to manipulate data.

Extend your iterable toolkit with dict and set comprehensions, enumerate(), sorted() with key functions, and all() / any() for condition testing.

Catch and handle exceptions instead of letting your programs crash. Learn try, except, else, finally, and how to raise your own exceptions for input validation.

Learn about higher-order functions. You'll also discover how to leverage lambda functions for creating concise, anonymous functions, and apply 'map' and 'filter' to manipulate and process data collections effectively.

Define your own classes and create objects. Learn constructors, methods, class attributes, and string representations, then combine OOP with lists, dicts, loops, and more.

Reuse a parent class with inheritance, override or extend its methods with super(), and make your own types behave like built-ins through magic methods.

Stop building whole lists when you only need one value at a time. This series introduces generator functions, generator expressions, and yield from for chaining.

Wrap functions to add behaviour around them. Build decorators by hand, use the @ shortcut, support arbitrary arguments, and write decorator factories that take parameters of their own.

Stop juggling dates as plain text. Build real date and datetime values, format and parse them, and shift them around with timedelta.